Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool:
How To Care For Your Pool During The Colder Months

As the temperature drops and winter sets in, many pool owners think their maintenance duties can take a back seat until summer returns. But when it comes to fibreglass pools, taking proper care throughout the colder months is essential to protect your investment, keep your water clean, and ensure your pool is ready for swimming season when the warmth returns. Winter-proofing your fibreglass pool doesn’t have to be complicated. With a few simple steps and some seasonal know-how, you can avoid common problems like algae growth, equipment damage, or costly repairs down the track. Here’s a practical guide to caring for your fibreglass pool during the colder months, tailored for pool owners who want to keep their backyard oasis in top shape year-round.

Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool - banner-80
Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool - mobile banner-80

Why Winter Pool Care Matters

Fibreglass pools are known for their durability and relatively low maintenance compared to other pool types. However, winter brings unique challenges that still require attention. Cold weather can slow down water circulation and chemical effectiveness, increasing the risk of algae and bacteria buildup.

If left unchecked, winter neglect can lead to issues such as:

  • Cloudy or green water

     

  • Staining or discolouration of the pool surface

     

  • Freezing and cracking of pipes or equipment

     

  • Damage to pumps, filters, and heaters

     

Spending time on winter maintenance safeguards your pool’s condition and prevents costly repairs in spring.

Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool - blog image 1-80
Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool - blog mobile image 1-80

1. Maintain Regular Water Circulation

Even though you may not be swimming during winter, keeping your pool water circulating is vital. Circulation helps distribute chemicals evenly and prevents stagnant water where algae and bacteria can thrive.

Set your pool pump timer to run at least a few hours daily, ideally during the warmest part of the day. This reduces the risk of freezing in pipes and keeps your filtration system working effectively.

2. Balance Your Pool Chemistry

Cold temperatures affect how pool chemicals react, so maintaining balanced water chemistry is key to preventing algae and keeping the pool surface healthy.

Check and adjust:

  • pH levels (aim for 7.2 to 7.6)

  • Total alkalinity (80-120 ppm)

  • Calcium hardness (180-220 ppm)

  • Sanitiser levels (chlorine or bromine)

Testing your water weekly during winter allows you to catch any imbalances early and avoid complications.

3. Clean Your Pool Regularly

Leaves, debris, and dirt can accumulate faster during autumn and winter, especially if you have trees or gardens nearby. Remove debris using a pool net and vacuum regularly to prevent organic matter from decaying in the water and causing stains or algae growth.

Also, clean your skimmer baskets and pump baskets frequently to keep water flowing smoothly and avoid strain on your filtration system.

4. Protect Your Pool Equipment

Pool equipment like pumps, filters, and heaters can be vulnerable to cold damage if not properly cared for during winter.

  • Inspect equipment: Look for any signs of wear or damage before temperatures drop.

  • Cover or insulate: Use appropriate covers or insulation wraps for pumps and pipes to protect them from frost.

  • Drain heaters: If you won’t be using your heater, drain and store it according to manufacturer instructions to prevent freezing.

Taking these precautions reduces the risk of mechanical failures and extends the lifespan of your pool’s essential components.

5. Use a Quality Pool Cover

A good pool cover is one of the best investments for winter pool care. It helps:

  • Keep debris out of the pool

     

  • Reduce water evaporation

     

  • Maintain water temperature

     

  • Limit chemical loss

     

Choose a cover designed for fibreglass pools and ensure it fits securely. Regularly check the cover for damage and clear any debris on top to avoid unnecessary weight or water pooling.

6. Keep an Eye on Water Levels

Water levels naturally drop due to evaporation or splash-out, even in winter. Low water levels can damage pumps by causing them to run dry.

Check your pool’s water level regularly and top it up as needed, ensuring it stays at the recommended height, typically halfway up the skimmer opening.

7. Winter Algae Prevention

Algae can still grow in cooler months, especially if water circulation or chemical balance slips. To prevent algae:

  • Use an algaecide suitable for fibreglass pools before winter sets in.

  • Maintain proper sanitiser levels.

  • Brush the pool walls and floor regularly to remove any developing algae.

Preventative action now saves time and effort on cleaning in spring.

8. Plan for Pool Reopening

Caring for your pool in winter also means preparing for a smooth reopening when the weather warms.

  • Keep a checklist for spring maintenance tasks, including deep cleaning, chemical balancing, and equipment checks.

  • Schedule any repairs or servicing during winter to avoid delays when pool use picks up.

  • Keep your pool care products stocked and ready for when you need them.

Being organised reduces stress and helps you enjoy your pool sooner.

Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool - blog mobile image 2-80
Winter-Proof Your Fibreglass Pool - blog image 2-80

Explore More with Us

When it comes to owning a fibreglass pool, smart seasonal care—especially in winter—helps protect your investment and keeps your pool in top condition all year round. But great pool ownership doesn’t stop at maintenance. Whether you’re still planning your dream backyard or looking to upgrade, we’ve got the resources to support you at every stage of the journey.

Discover a wide selection of pool shapes and sizes for all backyard types.

Choose the perfect colour to match your aesthetic.

Get a customised quote based on your home and preferences.

Stay informed with tips, trends, and pool care advice.

View all pool shell options and learn more about our installation process.

Flexible financing plans to suit your budget.

For more information and to explore our offerings, visit Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South.

Final Thoughts

Winter care for your fibreglass pool might not be the most exciting part of pool ownership, but it’s crucial for protecting your investment and ensuring your pool stays in great condition year-round.

By maintaining water circulation, balancing chemicals, cleaning regularly, protecting equipment, and using a quality cover, you can prevent common winter issues and enjoy a sparkling pool when summer returns.

If you want expert advice tailored to your fibreglass pool and local climate, reaching out to a professional pool service can make all the difference. Winter-proofing your pool is an easy step that pays off with a cleaner, safer, and more enjoyable backyard oasis every year.

🏊 Ready to create your dream backyard?

Contact Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South today and start designing your perfect pool. Browse our pool ranges, discover our colour options, or request a quote to begin. Don’t forget to check out our blog for helpful advice and pool inspiration. With Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South, you’re not just buying a pool—you’re investing in a lifestyle upgrade that adds lasting value to your home and family. Let’s bring your backyard vision to life—beautifully, effortlessly, and affordably.

Receive Your Free Quote

Receive Your Free Quote

Why Choose a Fibreglass Pool for Your Sydney Home

Installing a swimming pool is a significant investment that can transform your backyard into a private oasis. For Sydney homeowners, fibreglass pools have become an increasingly popular choice due to their durability, low maintenance, and aesthetic appeal. Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South offers a wide range of fibreglass pools designed to suit various lifestyles and property sizes.

Why Choose a Fibreglass Pool for Your Sydney Home?
Why Choose a Fibreglass Pool for Your Sydney Home?

Living in Sydney means enjoying long summers, coastal influences, and a lifestyle that embraces the outdoors. A fibreglass pool not only enhances your property’s visual appeal but also boosts lifestyle value—whether you’re entertaining guests, keeping the kids active, or simply enjoying a quiet dip on a warm evening. Choosing the right pool, however, involves more than just design; it’s about longevity, ease of care, and a product that adds value to your home without ongoing hassle. In this blog, we’ll dive into the top reasons why fibreglass is the ideal pool choice for Sydney homes and how Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South can help you bring your dream pool to life.

1. Quick and Efficient Installation

One of the standout benefits of fibreglass pools is their swift installation process. Unlike concrete pools, which can take several months to complete, fibreglass pools are pre-manufactured and can be installed in as little as a week, depending on site conditions. This means less disruption to your daily life and a faster path to enjoying your new pool.

2. Low Maintenance Requirements

Fibreglass pools are known for their low maintenance needs. The non-porous surface resists algae growth, reducing the need for frequent cleaning and chemical usage. This not only saves time but also lowers ongoing maintenance costs, making fibreglass pools a cost-effective option in the long run.

3. Durability and Longevity

Constructed from high-quality materials, fibreglass pools are built to withstand various weather conditions and daily wear and tear. They are less prone to cracking and other structural issues compared to concrete pools, ensuring a longer lifespan and fewer repair needs over time.

4. Aesthetic Versatility

With a variety of shapes, sizes, and colours available, fibreglass pools can be customised to complement your home's architecture and personal style. Barrier Reef Pools Sydney offers an extensive range of designs, from sleek lap pools to family-friendly options, ensuring there's a perfect fit for every backyard.

5. Enhanced Safety Features

Safety is a paramount concern for any pool owner. Fibreglass pools often come with built-in safety features such as non-slip surfaces, integrated steps, and ledges, providing peace of mind for families with children or elderly members.

6. Energy Efficiency

The smooth surface of fibreglass pools facilitates efficient water circulation, reducing the energy required for filtration and heating. This not only lowers your energy bills but also contributes to a more environmentally friendly pool solution.

7. Long-Term Cost Savings

While the initial investment in a fibreglass pool may be comparable to other types, the long-term savings are significant. Reduced maintenance, fewer repairs, and lower energy consumption all contribute to cost savings over the life of the pool.

8. Warranty and Support

Reputable providers like Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South offer comprehensive warranties on their fibreglass pools, providing added assurance of quality and support. This commitment to customer satisfaction ensures that any issues are promptly addressed, giving you confidence in your investment.

9. Health and Wellness Benefits

Having a pool at home encourages regular physical activity, which is beneficial for cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and overall well-being. Swimming is a low-impact exercise suitable for all ages, making it an excellent addition to a healthy lifestyle.

10. Increased Property Value

A well-designed pool can enhance the aesthetic appeal of your property, making it more attractive to potential buyers. In Sydney's competitive real estate market, a fibreglass pool can be a valuable asset that sets your home apart.

Why Choose a Fibreglass Pool for Your Sydney Home
Why Choose a Fibreglass Pool for Your Sydney Home

Explore More with Us

Planning a pool isn’t just about picking a design and colour—it’s about creating a lifestyle that suits your home, family, and outdoor goals. Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South is here to help guide you through every stage, from inspiration to installation, and beyond. With a full suite of resources and helpful tools, you can confidently make decisions that align with your vision.

Discover a wide selection of pool shapes and sizes for all backyard types.

Choose the perfect colour to match your aesthetic.

Get a customised quote based on your home and preferences.

Stay informed with tips, trends, and pool care advice.

View all pool shell options and learn more about our installation process.

Flexible financing plans to suit your budget.

For more information and to explore our offerings, visit Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South.

Conclusion

Choosing a fibreglass pool for your Sydney home isn’t just about aesthetics—it’s a smart investment in convenience, cost savings, and lifestyle enhancement. With its low maintenance, quick installation, and durability, fibreglass offers everything modern homeowners need. And with the expertise of Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South, you gain access to high-quality products, experienced installers, and unparalleled customer care.

Your pool should be a place of enjoyment, relaxation, and family fun—not a source of ongoing stress or expense. With a fibreglass pool from Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South, you’ll have peace of mind knowing you’ve chosen a product built to last, supported by one of Sydney’s most trusted pool providers. Whether you’re planning a family-friendly backyard upgrade or a sleek entertainer’s space, fibreglass pools offer the perfect balance of form and function.

🏊 Ready to create your dream backyard?

Contact Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South today and start designing your perfect pool. Browse our pool ranges, discover our colour options, or request a quote to begin. Don’t forget to check out our blog for helpful advice and pool inspiration. With Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South, you’re not just buying a pool—you’re investing in a lifestyle upgrade that adds lasting value to your home and family. Let’s bring your backyard vision to life—beautifully, effortlessly, and affordably.

Receive Your Free Quote

Receive Your Free Quote

Plants That Go Best With A Fibreglass Swimming Pool

When designing the perfect backyard oasis, a fibreglass swimming pool is a smart and stylish choice. Not only are these pools low maintenance and durable, but they also offer a sleek, contemporary aesthetic. However, one key consideration when designing your pool area is the surrounding landscape, especially the plants. The right combination of greenery can elevate the space, complement the pool’s design, and create a serene, inviting atmosphere.

1. Tropical Plants for a Lush, Exotic Feel

For those dreaming of a luxurious, tropical paradise, fibreglass pools provide the ideal canvas. Tropical plants thrive in Sydney’s climate, adding vibrancy, texture, and a splash of colour around your pool. Some excellent choices include:

  • Palms: Palms are iconic tropical plants that add height and drama to any poolside. Varieties like the Kentia Palm, Lady Palm, and Foxtail Palm are perfect for pool areas, offering a natural, elegant look.
  • Bird of Paradise: With its striking orange and blue flowers, the Bird of Paradise (Strelitzia reginae) is a bold and beautiful choice. This plant thrives in full sun and well-drained soil, making it an excellent fit for poolside areas that receive plenty of sunlight.
  • Frangipanis: Known for their fragrant, beautiful flowers, frangipanis (Plumeria) are a fantastic option for creating a tropical vibe around your fibreglass pool.

2. Coastal Plants for a Relaxed, Beachside Ambience

For a more relaxed and breezy vibe, coastal plants are a perfect choice. These plants often have a rugged, hardy nature and can withstand the elements of poolside living, including saltwater, sun, and wind. Here are some options that pair beautifully with a fibreglass swimming pool:

  • Agapanthus: Agapanthus (Agapanthus africanus) is a versatile, hardy plant that flourishes in coastal areas. It produces large clusters of blue or white flowers in the summer, adding a soft, breezy touch to the poolside. Agapanthus thrives in full sun, making it perfect for the areas surrounding your fibreglass pool.
  • Liriope: Liriope (Liriope muscari), also known as Monkey Grass, is a low-growing, grass-like plant with purple flower spikes that bloom in late summer. This plant is ideal for edging the pool area, as it creates a dense groundcover that is both attractive and practical. Liriope can handle both full sun and partial shade, making it a versatile option for poolside planting.
  • Beach Daisy: The Beach Daisy (Osteospermum) is an excellent choice for a coastal-themed pool area. It thrives in full sun, offering colourful blooms that range from purple and pink to white and yellow.

3. Modern, Minimalist Plants for a Contemporary Look

If you’re after a more modern, minimalist poolside garden, go for plants that offer clean lines and a structured appearance. These plants are typically low-maintenance and visually appealing, making them a great choice for contemporary pool areas.

  • Cacti and Succulents: For a striking, modern look, consider incorporating cacti and succulents around your fibreglass pool. Succulents such as Agave, Aloe Vera, and Echeveria add a unique, sculptural element to the landscape, while cacti like Barrel Cactus and Golden Torch provide texture and interest.
  • Bamboo: Bamboo (Bambusa) is another excellent choice for a contemporary pool area. It offers a tall, elegant aesthetic and grows quickly, forming a privacy screen if desired. However, be mindful of the species you choose, as some types of bamboo can be invasive. Consider clumping varieties like Bambusa textilis for a more controlled growth pattern.
  • Native Grasses: Australian native grasses such as Themeda triandra (Kangaroo Grass) and Poa labillardierei (Common Tussock Grass) provide a natural yet contemporary look. These plants are hardy, drought-tolerant, and add a soft, textured contrast to the sleek surface of the fibreglass pool.

Receive Your Free Quote

Receive Your Free Quote

4. Shade-Loving Plants for Poolside Comfort

If your fibreglass pool is situated in a sunnier part of your garden, providing some shade around the pool can make the area more comfortable. Fortunately, there are several plants that thrive in the shade and can add beauty to your poolside environment.

  • Ferns: Ferns such as Nephrolepis exaltata (Boston Fern) and Davallia fejeensis (Rabbit Foot Fern) are perfect for shaded pool areas. Their lush, feathery foliage creates a cool, green atmosphere, adding a sense of tranquility to the pool area.
  • Clivias: Clivias (Clivia miniata) are an ideal choice for shaded spots. Their bright, trumpet-shaped flowers, typically in orange or yellow, add a burst of colour to the darker corners of your pool area. Clivias thrive in low light and are well-suited to the Sydney climate.
  • Hostas: Known for their broad, lush leaves, Hostas are great for adding texture to shaded areas around your fibreglass pool.

5. Low-Maintenance Plants for Easy Poolside Care

For busy homeowners who want a beautiful pool area without the hassle of constant maintenance, low-maintenance plants are essential. Here are some hardy, low-care plants that will thrive around your fibreglass pool with minimal attention:

  • Lavender: Lavender (Lavandula) is an excellent choice for poolside planting. It not only adds beautiful purple flowers and a delightful fragrance but is also drought-tolerant and easy to care for. Lavender attracts bees and butterflies, adding life and movement to your pool area.
  • Bougainvillea: Bougainvillea is a vigorous, low-maintenance climber that thrives in full sun. With its vibrant, papery bracts in shades of purple, pink, red, and white, Bougainvillea adds a splash of colour and a touch of Mediterranean flair to your poolside.
  • Australian Bottlebrush: The Callistemon or Australian Bottlebrush is another hardy, low-maintenance plant that does well in coastal environments. Its bright red, brush-like flowers will attract birds to your garden while adding a bold contrast against the cool tones of your fibreglass pool.

Conclusion

When designing the perfect poolside retreat, selecting the right plants to accompany your fibreglass swimming pool can transform the space into a lush, inviting oasis. Whether you’re drawn to tropical splendour, coastal relaxation, a modern minimalist garden, or a serene shaded retreat, there are plenty of plants to choose from. By carefully considering your pool’s surroundings and the local climate, you can ensure that your plants thrive and complement your fibreglass pool’s beauty for years to come.

Contact Barrier Reef Pools Sydney South today for a consultation or to receive a free quote on your new fibreglass pool installation!

How To Select The Right Swimming Pool For Different Climates

Choosing the right swimming pool is a significant decision for any homeowner. Beyond aesthetic preferences and budget, the local climate plays an essential role in determining the type of pool that would best suit your needs. Different climates have unique demands, from intense heat in tropical regions to the chilly conditions of temperate zones. In this article, we’ll explore how to select the right swimming pool for various climate types in Australia, ensuring that your pool remains functional, durable, and enjoyable year-round.

how-to-select-the-right-swimming-pool-for-different-climates-banner-m

Understanding Australia’s Diverse Climate Zones

Australia is known for its wide range of climates, each of which affects the suitability of different pool types. The key climate zones to consider include:

  1. Tropical – characterised by high temperatures and humidity, typically found in northern Queensland, Northern Territory, and parts of Western Australia.
  2. Subtropical – moderate temperatures, with warm summers and mild winters, common in coastal areas such as New South Wales and parts of Queensland.
  3. Temperate – moderate temperatures with distinct seasonal changes, including regions in Victoria, southern New South Wales, and Tasmania.
  4. Arid or Desert – hot, dry conditions with little rainfall, common in central and western Australia.

Understanding these climates will guide you in choosing the appropriate pool type, materials, and features that will ensure long-term enjoyment.

Tropical Climates: High Heat and Humidity

Best Pool Types: Concrete or Fibreglass Pools

In tropical climates, pools should be built to withstand high temperatures, intense UV rays, and humidity. Concrete and fibreglass pools are popular choices due to their durability and ability to cope with extreme weather conditions.

  • Concrete Pools: Concrete pools are highly customisable and can be shaped to fit any space. They are ideal for tropical areas due to their strength and resistance to wear and tear caused by intense heat and chemicals. However, they require more maintenance than fibreglass pools, as the surface may become rough over time.
  • Fibreglass Pools: These are a good alternative in tropical climates, as fibreglass is resistant to UV degradation and algae growth. Additionally, fibreglass pools are low maintenance and have a smooth finish that makes cleaning easier. The smooth surface also helps reduce the growth of algae, which thrives in humid conditions.
Pool Heating: Solar Heating

Given the warm temperatures in tropical regions, it’s not essential to heat a pool year-round. However, during the cooler months or rainy periods, solar heating can be a great option. Solar pool heaters are energy-efficient and ideal for the tropical climate, as they rely on the abundant sunlight in the region.

Pool Covers: Use With Caution

Due to the high humidity and frequent rainfall in tropical areas, pool covers can be useful to keep debris out and protect your pool from excess rainwater. However, it’s important to use covers that allow for ventilation to prevent the growth of mould and mildew, which thrive in humid conditions.

how-to-select-the-right-swimming-pool-for-different-climates-blogimage2-m

Subtropical Climates: Warm Summers and Mild Winters

Best Pool Types: Concrete, Fibreglass, and Vinyl Pools

Subtropical areas, like parts of New South Wales and Queensland, experience warm summers and relatively mild winters. This allows for a wider range of pool types to be used, depending on personal preference and budget.

  • Concrete Pools: As with tropical regions, concrete pools are ideal for subtropical climates due to their durability. However, they can be more expensive and require more maintenance.
  • Fibreglass Pools: Fibreglass pools remain a popular choice for subtropical climates. They offer a smooth finish that is easy to clean, and the material is resistant to the effects of UV rays and algae growth.

Vinyl Pools: Vinyl-lined pools are another option for subtropical climates. They are affordable and easy to maintain. However, the vinyl liner may need replacing every 5 to 10 years, depending on usage.

Pool Heating: Gas or Electric Heaters

In subtropical climates, pool heating may be necessary during the cooler winter months. While solar heating is still an option, many homeowners opt for gas or electric heaters to extend the swimming season. Gas heaters heat the pool quickly and are ideal for occasional use, while electric heaters offer more consistent temperature control.

Pool Covers: Essential for Winter

During the cooler months, a pool cover is advisable to help maintain the water temperature and prevent debris buildup. Automatic pool covers are a convenient choice, as they can be easily opened and closed, keeping your pool clean and reducing maintenance.

Temperate Climates: Seasonal Changes and Cooler Winters

Best Pool Types: Concrete and Fibreglass Pools

Temperate climates, like those in southern Australia and Tasmania, experience four distinct seasons. As such, selecting the right pool for these regions involves ensuring that the pool can withstand both the cold winter months and the warmer summers.

  • Concrete Pools: Concrete pools are highly durable and well-suited for temperate climates. However, they may require additional insulation for the winter months, as the concrete structure can be affected by freezing temperatures. To prevent cracks, the water level should be lowered in the off-season, and pool covers should be used to protect the pool from snow and ice.
  • Fibreglass Pools: Fibreglass pools are also a great option for temperate regions. They are durable, easy to maintain, and can handle seasonal changes. Fibreglass pools are less prone to cracking than concrete pools, which makes them a popular choice in areas with cold winters.
Pool Heating: Gas, Electric, or Solar Heating

Due to the cooler winters, pool heating is often necessary in temperate climates. Solar heating can still be used, but it may not be as efficient during the colder months. Gas and electric heaters are more reliable for year-round use, with electric heaters being ideal for consistent temperatures. Gas heaters are typically better for occasional heating when needed.

Pool Covers: Essential for Winter Protection

In temperate regions, pool covers are crucial to prevent the pool from being contaminated by debris, leaves, and fallen branches during the autumn and winter months. A good quality cover will help protect the pool from dirt and ensure the water temperature stays stable for longer.

Receive Your Free Quote

Receive Your Free Quote

Arid or Desert Climates: Hot and Dry Conditions

Best Pool Types: Concrete or Fibreglass Pools

In arid or desert climates, the main challenge is the extreme heat and dry conditions. These environments can place a lot of stress on a pool, making durability and heat retention key considerations.

  • Concrete Pools: Concrete pools are ideal in desert climates, as they can be tailored to suit the space and needs of the homeowner. Additionally, they are highly durable, able to withstand the intense sun and heat.

Fibreglass Pools: Fibreglass pools are also a good choice for arid climates. They are resistant to UV degradation, which is important given the high levels of sunlight in desert areas. Fibreglass pools are less likely to crack from the intense heat compared to other materials.

Pool Heating: Solar Heating

Due to the abundant sunlight in desert regions, solar heating is an excellent option for pool owners looking to extend their swimming season. Solar panels can be installed on the roof or adjacent to the pool area to efficiently heat the water.

Pool Covers: Useful for Water Conservation

In desert climates, water conservation is crucial. Pool covers can help prevent evaporation, which is particularly significant in hot, dry environments. Using a cover can save water, reduce the need for chemicals, and lower overall maintenance costs.

Conclusion

Selecting the right swimming pool for your climate is essential for ensuring durability, efficiency, and comfort. By considering your local weather conditions—whether it’s the heat and humidity of the tropics or the cooler, seasonal changes in temperate zones—you can make an informed decision on pool type, heating systems, and maintenance needs. Whether you choose concrete, fibreglass, or vinyl, the right pool will make a significant difference in your enjoyment and long-term satisfaction.